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Making Connections
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Profile of the Month
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| Summaries of news, views and achievements from people with MS around the world. |
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Research News
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| Summaries of all the latest research findings on MS selected by a team based at the Institute of Neurology, London. |
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor ligand HLA-Bw4 protects against multiple sclerosis
MS is a complex disease of unknown cause, in which genes and the environment play an important role. Because MS is an autoimmune disease, most genetic studies have investigated specific genes related to immune reactions, in order to learn whether certain variations of these genes might confer a higher or a lower risk in developing MS. In this study, the authors investigated the genes that carry information about the HLA molecule. HLA is crucial in immune reactions as it interacts with immune cells, such as T-cell and Natural Killer (a recently discovered type of immune cell which has been involved in MS pathogenesis). The authors compared a group of people with MS and a group of healthy controls and found that people carrying a specific genetic variant of the HLA molecule seem to have a lower risk of developing MS. This genetic variant produces a specific HLA molecule which binds and inhibits Natural Killer cells. The findings of this study are important as they may help us to achieve a better understanding of the complexity of MS.
authors: Lorentzen AR, Karlsen TH, Olsson M, Smestad C, Mero IL, Woldseth B, Sun JY, Senitzer D, Celius EG, Thorsby E, Spurkland A, Lie BA, Harbo HF
source: Ann Neurol. 2009 Mar 18;65(6):658-666
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Prediction of acute multiple sclerosis relapses by transcription levels of peripheral blood cells
For people with relapsing-remitting MS and for clinicians, one of the main problems is that the relapses are unpredictable. An ability to predict relapses might help to reduce anxiety and to plan specific therapeutic interventions in people with MS. As MS is a disease of autoimmune origin, a number of genes that codify proteins involved in different steps of the immune response are active during the disease. The authors of this study found that an increase in the activity of certain genes related to the immune response may predict forthcoming relapses. The results of this study may have important implications.
authors: Gurevich M, Tuller T, Rubinstein U, Or-Bach R, Achiron A
source: BMC Med Genomics. 2009 Jul 22;2(1):46
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The impact of regular physical activity on fatigue, depression and quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis
In people with MS, the presence of fatigue and depression may significantly reduce quality of life. The authors of this study used a questionnaire to investigate the impact of regular physical activity on fatigue and depression scores in a large population with MS. They found that people who did regular physical activity had more favourable scores in fatigue, depression and quality of life. The results of this study are in keeping with the suggested beneficial effects of exercise in MS.
authors: Stroud NM, Minahan CL
source: Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2009 Jul 20;7(1):68
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Inhibition of CXCR2 signaling promotes recovery in models of multiple sclerosis
MS is an autoimmune disease where some inflammatory-demyelinating processes occur within the central nervous system (CNS – the brain and spinal cord). This means that the myelin, a lipoprotein which covers the neurons, becomes damaged. The cells responsible for producing myelin in the CNS are called oligodendrocytes. It has been suggested that some specific proteins localised in the surface of oligodendrocytes play a crucial role in the production of myelin and its repair after an injury. The authors found, in an animal model of MS, that the blockage of these specific receptors enhances recovery of the damaged myelin. The results of this study are encouraging, since this blockage may represent a potential therapeutic target.
authors: Kerstetter AE, Padovani-Claudio DA, Bai L, Miller RH
source: Exp Neurol. 2009 Jul 16
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Post-marketing of disease modifying drugs in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory analysis of gender effect in interferon beta treatment
Interferon beta is one of the accepted disease modifying treatments for MS. The authors studied MS treatment in a large Italian population with MS for up to seven years. They focused on the comparison between men and women in terms of response to treatment. Their results suggest that men and women seem to have different ways of responding to treatment, since men showed a lower risk than women of experiencing a first relapse after the onset of treatment but a higher risk for experiencing an increase in their level of disability.
authors: Trojano M, Pellegrini F, Paolicelli D, Fuiani A, Zimatore GB, Tortorella C, Simone IL, Patti F, Ghezzi A, Portaccio E, Rossi P, Pozzilli C, Salemi G, Lugaresi A, Bergamaschi R, Millefiorini E, Clerico M, Lus G, Vianello M, Avolio C, Cavalla P, Iaffaldano P, Direnzo V, D'Onghia M, Lepore V, Livrea P, Comi G, Amato MP; on behalf of Italian Multiple Sclerosis Database Network (MSDN) group
source: J Neurol Sci. 2009 Jul 15
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Efficacy of natalizumab in second line therapy of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results from a multi-center study in German speaking countries
Natalizumab is an accepted disease modifying treatment for people with MS who have either a very active disease from the start or who have an insufficient response to the first line therapy (interferon beta and glatiramer acetate). Since trials with natalizumab were not designed to assess the effect of this drug as a second line therapy, after a failure of the first line drugs, the authors aimed to investigate the efficacy of natalizumab as a second line therapy. Despite having a retrospective design, this study demonstrates that, from a clinical and MRI point of view, the beneficial effects of natalizumab as a second line treatment are evident and comparable to the effects as a first line drug.
authors: Putzki N, Yaldizli O, Mäurer M, Cursiefen S, Kuckert S, Klawe C, Maschke M, Tettenborn B, Limmroth V
source: Eur J Neurol. 2009 Jul 9
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MS News
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| Summaries of MS news from websites around the world. |
NIH deepens investment in combination study of MS drugs
source: US National MS Society
The first large-scale "CombiRX" clinical trial testing the combined use of FDA-approved interferon beta-1a (Avonex®) and glatiramer acetate (Copaxone®) to treat relapsing-remitting MS has just received a US$19 million renewal grant from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH).
read more
Lilly, BioMS scrap MS drug after trial fails
source: UK MS Trust
Eli Lilly and Co. and BioMS Medical Corp. said on 27 July 2009 that their experimental treatment for MS has failed to delay progression of the disease in a late-stage trial and that they would discontinue all ongoing studies of the product.
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Multiple Sclerosis International Federation
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